Chapter 4: Sport
Overview
Sport holds significant importance in British culture. Many of the world's most popular sports originated in the UK or were developed and codified here.
The Olympic and Paralympic Games
The UK has hosted the Olympic Games three times:
- 1908 -- London
- 1948 -- London
- 2012 -- London (centred in Stratford, East London)
Key facts about 2012:
- The British team achieved third place in the medal table
- London also hosted the 2012 Paralympic Games
- The Paralympic movement originated from Dr Ludwig Guttmann's rehabilitation work with spinal injury patients at Stoke Mandeville Hospital
Notable British Athletes
- Sir Roger Bannister -- achieved the first sub-four-minute mile in 1954
- Sir Jackie Stewart -- three-time Formula 1 World Champion
- Bobby Moore -- captained England's 1966 World Cup-winning football team
- Sir Bradley Wiggins -- first Briton to win the Tour de France (2012)
- Sir Mo Farah -- won Olympic gold in distance running events
Major Sports
Cricket
- Originated in England and is played globally
- The sport's complex rules and traditions reflect "British character and sense of fair play"
- The Ashes series between England and Australia is the most prestigious competition
- Matches can last up to five days (Test cricket)
Football
- "Football is the UK's most popular sport"
- The first professional football clubs were formed in the late 19th century
- There are separate football leagues across England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
- The English Premier League attracts international audiences
- Each nation competes independently in international tournaments like the FIFA World Cup and UEFA European Championship
Rugby
- Rugby split into two variants: Rugby Union and Rugby League
- The Six Nations Championship (England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, France, Italy) is rugby union's premier competition
- Rugby originated at Rugby School in the 19th century
Horse Racing
- A historic sport with famous events including:
- Royal Ascot
- The Grand National
- The Derby
- The Royal Family has a strong connection to horse racing
Golf
- Golf originated in 15th-century Scotland
- St Andrews is considered the "home of golf"
- The Open Championship (The Open) is one of the four major golf tournaments
Tennis
- Wimbledon is the oldest tennis tournament in the world
- It takes place annually in south-west London
- Wimbledon is played on grass courts
Other Popular Sports
- Water sports: sailing and rowing (the Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities is a famous annual event)
- Motor sports: the UK hosts the British Grand Prix at Silverstone
- Skiing: popular in Scotland and among British holidaymakers